Tungsten(IV) sulfide
Tungsten(IV) sulfide is the chemical compound with the formula WS2. It occurs naturally as the rare mineral called tungstenite. This material is a component of certain catalysts used for hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrification.
WS2 adopts a layered structure related to MoS2, with W atoms situated in trigonal prismatic coordination sphere.
Synthesis
WS2 is produced by a number of methods including the following:[1]
- Hydrothermal synthesis;
- Gas phase reaction of H2S or H2S/Ar mixture with tungsten metal;
- Thermal decomposition of ammonium tetrathiotungstate at ~1300 0C in a flow of hydrogen gas;
- Direct decomposition of various tetraalkylammonium tetrathiotungstate precursors under nitrogen atmosphere;
- Microwave treatment of a solution of tungstic acid, elemental sulfur and monoethanolamine.
Uses
Nanostructured WS2 finds application as hydrogen and lithium storage material, as material for solid-state secondary lithium battery cathodes; as a component of batteries and other electrochemical devices; as catalyst in hydrodesulfurization of crude oil and as a dry lubricant.
Tungsten disulfide is being investigated by ApNano for production of tungsten disulfide nanotube nanocomposites for use in e.g. ballistic vests. It can be used for production of ceramic plates that offer over twice the protection of equivalent mass of boron carbide. In combination with elastic materials, flexible shock absorbing materials can be produced.
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