Tungsten oxide can be used to prepare an electrochromic film for use in assembling an electrochromic smart window, thereby applying to building to achieve the purpose of heat insulation. Since the color changing process must have an electron source and an ion source in accordance with the principle of electrochromism, at present, the electrochromic windows is usually composed of five layers of film (excluding the substrate), as shown in the following figure.
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The five-layer film is, in order, a transparent conductive film TC1 serving as an upper electrode, an electrochromic film EC, an ion conductor film IC, a counter electrode film CE or an ion storage film IS, and a transparent conductive film TC2 serving as a bottom electrode. What should be noted is that in the structure of a semi-solid electrochromic window using a liquid or semi-solid electrolyte as an ionic conductor, the ionic conductor layer is not in the form of a film.
